Monday September 8, 2014

TOC Atoms, Elements & Compounds

Warm UP: What do you know about atoms?

LT: *I can explain the differences between physical and chemical changes.

LT: I can explain how atoms are the building blocks of the universe

Step 1. Take notes on the note-catcher

 

LT: I can learn explain how atoms are the building blocks of the universe.

Atoms, Compounds, Elements and Molecules

*Atom: The smallest particle into which an element may be divided     

and still be the_________________________________________________________

                 

*An atom is made of: ___________________________________________________

*Matter: Anything that has mass and takes up ________________________.

*What isn’t matter? ___________________________________________________________________________

*Element: a pure substance made up of one __________________________________________

Examples: __________, _______________, ___________________

*Molecule: a particle of matter that is made up of ________________________________________

*Compound: a pure substance made up of two or more __________________________________

Examples: ____________, ______________, ____________________

Questions:

1. What is the difference between an atom and a molecule?

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. What is the difference between an element and a compound?

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. What do you think would happen if you took a container of gas and pushed the atoms closer

together?

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

 Step 2: Read the Article, draw an illustration for each paragraph, and write a brief explanation of the paragraph.

 

LT: I can explain how atoms are the building blocks of the universe.

Paragraph #	Visualization	Explanation
1
2
3
4
5
6

Directions: Draw one illustration from each paragraph and explain them in the

chart below.

 

Atoms, Matter, Molecules, and Compounds

Paragraph 1: What is matter? Matter is the stuff that makes up everything in the universe. Matter has mass and takes up space. Matter is made of atoms. Solids, liquids, gases, and plasma are all matter. When all atoms that make up a substance are the same, then that substance is an element. Elements are made of only one kind of atom. Because of this, elements are called "pure" substances.

Paragraph 2: An atom is the smallest piece of an element that still has the properties of that element. For example, aluminum is a lightweight, shiny metal. If we took a piece of aluminum and cut it into small pieces, it would still be aluminum. It would still be a lightweight, shiny metal. The smallest piece would be called an atom. Atoms are so small they cannot be seen even with a microscope. Atoms consist of a nucleus that has protons and neutrons surrounded by electrons outside the nucleus.
 
Paragraph 3: Atoms of different elements can combine to make new substances. A molecule is formed when two or more atoms join together chemically. If atoms combine that are of two or more different elements, we call that a compound. All compounds are molecules, but not all molecules are compounds.

Paragraph 4: When two hydrogen atoms combine with one oxygen atom, it becomes the compound water. The oxygen we breathe is actually two atoms of oxygen combined, so it is a molecule of oxygen. We use abbreviations for elements, molecules, and compounds. These abbreviations are called chemical symbols. The chemical symbol for an oxygen molecule is O₂.
 
Paragraph 5: The compound water has a chemical symbol of H₂O. This is like the "recipe" for water. It tells us that a water molecule is made of two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen. Oxygen is a gas that we can't see, hear, smell, taste, or feel. But it's in the air we breathe, and without it, we would die. Hydrogen, also a gas, is the lightest substance on Earth.

Paragraph 6: When two atoms of hydrogen join together with one atom of oxygen, those two gases make a liquid compound we call water. Water, a liquid at room temperature, is a very different substance from the two gases that it is made of. Many different compounds can be made when different atoms combine.